CV [лат. Сurriculum vitæ] – резюме 

Example: I think my CV needs a change.

covering letter – сопроводительное письмо 

Example: Why doesn’t he send in his CV with a covering letter?

job spec – должностные обязанности 

Example: Look carefully at the job spec before signing the documents.

full-time job – полная занятость

Example: Mark finally got a full-time job as a sales manager. 

part-time job – частичная занятость

Example: Your favorite volunteer experience could turn into a part-time or full-time job.

shortlist/ to be shortlisted – шортлист/войти в шортлист

Example: I’ve been shortlisted for this IT firm.

work experience – стажировка/практика

Example: I’m doing work experience as a journalist.

сareer-break – длительный перерыв в карьере

Example: I’m taking a career-break for 3 years.

to sack / fire / dismiss – увольнять 

Example: Sara claimed unfair dismissal.

Example: She looked at his application and asked him why he had been fired.

Example: Steve Smith has been out of work since being sacked.

laying down – отказ от должности, увольнение по собственному желанию

Example: Today I handed in my resignation.

reference letter – рекомендация

Example: He asked Michael for a reference letter.